D is for Devotions

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Devotions.  In my experiences it seems that most neo pagans of various sorts are not especially into, or do, devotions.  Oh, they might be dedicated to this god, or that goddess, and they might collect all sorts of images and read all sorts of books, but when it comes down to it, the most you might call “devotional” is that when they do a ritual and offer up some stuff and ask for something in return.  It’s certainly not a regular practice, let one weekly or daily.  This of course might be my own slanted viewpoint, as I find I am often interacting with people who are new to the craft, and so the idea of devotions is not something they are aware, usually because of their background.  They might even be actively rejecting it, as it has something that triggers old memories of childhood religious training, or unpleasant interactions in a previous religious settings.  So, they seem to fall by the wayside.  I do believe there are people who do devotions, and I like to think I follow many of their blogs, but over all it seems to be something that is done more by longer established living traditions, like ATR’s, culturally situated Buddhist practices, Hinduism, etc…

Of course, what’s interesting is that if you look into some of the first books about Wicca and witchcraft, devotions are there, but not always obvious.  I think because it’s kind of small in the context of a wiccan circle because it comes down to the cakes and wine.  That is all it is.  That is the devotional part of the ritual, but at the times I have done it, if you do it with reverence and it can be really intensely devotional.  Although it seems that many groups treat it more celebratory then as an act of devotion and offering, and also a communion with the gods.

Of course there are many other ways that it can be done.  My personal methods are mostly done through incense, a candle (or two) and clean water.  All of the items are blessed by me, and in doing so I clearly state that it is for this goddess or that spirit, and set it out for them to partake from. It’s all pretty straight forward and also very historical, as many cultures have offered incense, flame and light, and water, perhaps followed with prayers of praise and adoration.  Sometimes I have included food stuffs, usually sweets.  Some other ways is that I find items or plants that have a relation to the god or spirit, and I leave them their, as part of their personal collection.  For my main goddess I have given un-shelled walnuts, as she is identified with walnut trees.  These were votive offerings that I have blessed, and remain in a bowl on her space by her.  Another offering that is good to make is prayers.  Making prayers to powers that you have a good relationship with, even just to thank them, and praise them, is a great way to build a relationship with them, especially if you don’t ask for anything specific, or just indicate general blessings and good fortune, which if they are spiritual close to you, they will already be supplying to you as best as you can.  Not that asking hurts, but if you only go to someone to ask them for something all the time, I know people get tired of that behavior, and so I can only imagine that gods and spirits do as well.  Sometimes it’s good just to be grateful, and express that gratitude.

Other devotions can be even more involved.  Leaving things in specific places.  What little knowledge I have of ATR’s is that various spirits have places associated with them, where offerings to them are expected to be left.  It’s very easy to look into European and Mediterranean, and other regions of antiquity and soon figure out places that were that gods or spirits special zone of influence.  It can be correct to leave offerings there.  It also seems that some areas were also open to any spirit. Crossroads seem to be a popular place where all spirits go at some time, and so leaving offerings there, and placing them there in a ritualized manner with respect and devotional practice can be quite the experience.  Doing it in a public place that is often traveled through, can also be an intense experience, as demonstration of your dedication to overcome potentially socially awkward situations (like being in a graveyard with a crossroads in the middle of the graveyard, leaving offerings for the spirits of the dead, and other beings, at midnight) that in and of itself is an offering of time, and facing your fears.  Or going to the beach at dawn, and leaving offerings to be picked up by the surf.  All these places can have a devotional element, that when done with a focused intent, can help you connect more with the gods and spirits.  Another part of devotions can be timing.  As indicated in previous paragraph, times can also be an important part.  If you really start doing devotional practice, you end up with your own liturgical calendar of feast days, offering days and what not.  Depending upon their role, some gods might want their offerings down during daylight hours.  Other spirits might prefer them given at night, when it’s dark.  Some might prefer it to be during a new moon, whereas others prefer a full moon.  Some prefer having their water refreshed once a week, whereas others might need it refreshed every day, along with incense and prayers when it is given.  It depends upon you and the spirits and gods being worked with.  It also seems that spirits and gods know what they can ask for from someone, and not from someone else.  While one person might be called to make baked goods which go uneaten for 3 days, until they are shared, others might only need to give a quick prayer.  The one who must bake, can bake, and the one who can pray, is pretty much only able to pray.  While some might think the physical offerings and time that went into them might be more meaningful, a heartfelt and sincere prayer done with focus and intention can be quite powerful, even more meaningful because of that focus and attention. But it has more to do with the time, that which can be given as well as the time that it is given.

By giving focus to offerings, place and time, a devotional practice will soon develop.  From my own experience, a devotional practice will really transform and change how you interact with gods and spirits, as well as your own spiritual practice.  When you start making offerings, it seems as though something switches on.  It makes the spirituality more day to day, and more real in a practical physical sense.  If you are willing to dedicate 5 minutes every day to relate to some spiritual intelligence, then maybe there is something more to this.  Even if you are just operating from a psychological model, drives the point of a certain level of realness which change ones practice in a many ways.

D is for Dagaz

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Dagaz
In the Elder Futhark Dagaz is the typically either the last rune, or the second to last rune (some orderings switch it with Aethel). In the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc, it is only the last rune in the 3rd aettir, as a 4th aettir soon takes it’s place. The name means “day” as in the time period when the sun is passing across the sky, and it’s bright light covers that side of the Earth.
I personally find that this is a rune of light, and of Light. While other runes that indicate light are perhaps more personal (Cenaz) or the object which sheds light (Sowilo, Qweorth) Dagaz refers to that special quality of light, seemingly in abudance, surrounding, filling, maybe even penetrating. This is light is also benevolent generally. As in many folklores, when the sun rises is when all the unpleasant things that humans fear retreat back for a while. Life resumes it’s normal pace, and the whispers of harmful beings and unwanted influences fade away, at least for another time span of light.
While it’s nature is benevolent, the results of it’s actions working people, both yourselves and others, is not always. Humans are to a certain degree, hardwired to be blind. Things that don’t meet our sense of self are rejected, either casually and wantonly, or sometimes with anger and potential violence. It takes a lot of work to make yourself into someone who can accept everything, and even if you have done a lot of it, there is probably still something, hiding, secret, laying the darkness, that when it has the light of day shined upon it, the revelation will be challenging, if not outright unpleasant and undesirable. That is part of the human condition, but it doesn’t mean you have to be bound by it.

The revelation, the awakening, letting in the light, seeing things in the light, can be very difficult, and it only gets harder when we fight it. Better to let the light shine, and sit with our discomfort, or sensitivity, our pain, and let it shine through us. It is only trying to help us to shine brighter ourselves, or to be clearer so that our light can shine through, unobstructed.

Let the light shine.

D is for Dagaz

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Dagaz

In the Elder Futhark Dagaz is the typically either the last rune, or the second to last rune (some orderings switch it with Aethel). In the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc, it is only the last rune in the 3rd aettir, as a 4th aettir soon takes it’s place. The name means “day” as in the time period when the sun is passing across the sky, and it’s bright light covers that side of the Earth.
I personally find that this is a rune of light, and of Light. While other runes that indicate light are perhaps more personal (Cenaz) or the object which sheds light (Sowilo, Qweorth) Dagaz refers to that special quality of light, seemingly in abudance, surrounding, filling, maybe even penetrating. This is light is also benevolent generally. As in many folklores, when the sun rises is when all the unpleasant things that humans fear retreat back for a while. Life resumes it’s normal pace, and the whispers of harmful beings and unwanted influences fade away, at least for another time span of light.
While it’s nature is benevolent, the results of it’s actions working people, both yourselves and others, is not always. Humans are to a certain degree, hardwired to be blind. Things that don’t meet our sense of self are rejected, either casually and wantonly, or sometimes with anger and potential violence. It takes a lot of work to make yourself into someone who can accept everything, and even if you have done a lot of it, there is probably still something, hiding, secret, laying the darkness, that when it has the light of day shined upon it, the revelation will be challenging, if not outright unpleasant and undesirable. That is part of the human condition, but it doesn’t mean you have to be bound by it.

The revelation, the awakening, letting in the light, seeing things in the light, can be very difficult, and it only gets harder when we fight it. Better to let the light shine, and sit with our discomfort, or sensitivity, our pain, and let it shine through us. It is only trying to help us to shine brighter ourselves, or to be clearer so that our light can shine through, unobstructed.

Let the light shine.

Runic Categories

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In the mythic lore of the Runes, there are three main sources that people look to. The most often quoted is the Havamal “The Words of the High One” which is often seen as the sayings of Odhinn. The next popular one is Sigrdrifumal “The Words of Sigridrifa” which comes from the saying of the Valkyrie Sigrdrifa to Sigurd, the dragon slayer, where she educated him in runes and magic, so that he might win. The third source, although read by some, by seeming often over looked it the Grogaldr “The Spell of Groa” in which Svipdagr goes to the gates of Hel, to meet his mother Groa, who was a seeress, so that he might learn what magical aid he can get in wooing Mengloth, an etin-maid. In the course of these writings, the speakers (Odhinn, Sigridrifa, and Groa) describe various runes to their audience that they know, or should learn, or use to reach their goals. These runes have a variety of names, and they number listed has never really reached anything close to the length of the alphabets, or the types of runes mentioned, except by the intellectual reaching of authors on the subject.

In other books, you come across various names of runes, signs, and staves for other purposes as well. Some seem to be inspired by the mythic lore, some from sagas, and others existing in Icelandic galdrboks that have been preserved. I made it a point to compile a little list of some of these types of runes, just to give the readers a look at what is present. I have to apologize for lack of accent marks; I just don’t know how to make that happen.

Malrunar- speech runes

Blodhgar runar – bloody runes or blood runes

Leo-runa – song rune (also used to refer to witches, sorcerers and such)

Brimrunar – sea runes (typically for calming the sea)

Bjargrunar – birth runes (for helping in childbirth)

Wyrdstaef – Staff of Wyrd or Urd

Likn-stafir – health stave

Gaman runa – Joy runes

Audh-stafir – Staves of Riches

Sig-Runar – Victory Runes

Myrkirstafir “Murk staves” or “Murk” Runes
Myrkrunar (a lot of writers have used this term to refer to the inverted meanings of runes in a reading, I personally think it refers to runes that deal with visibility

Bol-stafir – Evil staves

Beadu-run – conflict rune

Flaerdh stafir – Deception stave

Valrunar – death runes

Nidhstang – ok, this doesn’t really refer only to runes, but to a certain type of curse spell, where a pole, carved with certain runes, and mounted with the head of animal (typically a horse) is the anchor for a curse spell, used in saga lore to drive a king and queen from the land. I have also seen this spell nydstand or nythstang, which often connected the curse to the rune Nyth or Nauthiz ( Need or Necessity is often how it is translated). It is or was a popular thing for many European northern traditionalists to have on their websites, cursing neo fascist groups who use runes.

Svartrunar – Black runes

Olrunar or alrunar – ale runes

Limrunar – limb runes often considered runes that heal sickness or that bring healing

Hugrunar – mind runes

Helliruna – Hell or Hel runes (helrunar is one of the names that are translated “witch”)

Burgrunan – guarantee runners (used to refer to supernatural beings, especially feminine ones)

Galdrastafir – spell stave

Heidrunar – bright runes

Ginnrunar – cosmic runes

Draumstafir – dream staves (for having prophetic dreams)

Svefnthorn – sleep thorn (a type of magical symbol that causes people to sleep, and not wake until it is removed, or in the case of Sigridrifa, until certain events occur) Interestingly enough, in German folklore that has survived, thorns are a means of delivering curses, by leaving them where people will step on them, the thorn can send a curse to the victim.

Lukkustafir – Luck staves

Thjofastafir – thief’s stave (for catching thieves)

Aegishjalmur – Helm of Awe (or terror)

As you can see, there are a lot of different types of runes, staves, signs, and marks within the body of possible rune focused magic. None of these are mentioned all together, and some come from different historical periods, or are named in the Eddas and sagas. Interestingly enough, only Odhinn ever mentions magic that can be used to draw love or lust. However, if you peruse that list, the one thing I can see in a generic way, is that a lot of what people sought to do with magic is still what is sought in this day in age. Health, Wealth, healing, power, magic, victory, respect, all possibilities are present, even the suggestion of harmful magic, made to cause conflict, to deceive, and conceal, and even working with spirits of the dead (helrunar, and often svartrunar are added to this category). Not much as changed in terms of what people want, or seek, or try to understand or do, with the strange, only once mentioned, exception of love magic. Although love magic does figure quite well into galdrboks, so it is not lost, and the sage of Egill perhaps mention some love magic gone awry (although it seems as though it could have also been healing magic also gone awry, my readings on it seem mixed).

Unlike other authors, it is my contention that all of these various names are probably more likely to be more like bindrunes, combinations of runes worked to various ends. Even in the Eddas, those runes described by the High One, by Sigridrifa, and Groa are separate spells that are formed by the coming together of runes. They might be staves or signs, which would also be empowered by a galdr that is sung or spoken over them. What those are, I don’t know. But I intend to find out. I intend to ask the runes, and to go seek audience with those who gave them, and ask them directly just what it is.

As for the other types, I will be mainly working with the runes to create the stafir. I have started working with one method, rather then intellectually using runes; I do a reading, asking for runes that I should use to create the bindrunes. I have done this a few times before, and I was very satisfied with the results. From an intellectual perspective, it is surprising what runes will come to work various magics, but when you look at it from what you are intending, what they give makes perfect sense.

The most recent bindrune I did was for a galdrastafir, which can be a term used generically for all of them, can also be used to refer to specifically magical acts that relate to magic, and not results. In this case, it was a for a general empowerment stave, that will aid me in charging my magical tools (like candles, wood pieces for charms, to more ritual tools) and the runes I was given were Eihwaz, Ethil, and Iar ( I use the Anglo-saxon runes, with the additional runes that do not have stanzas.) From a purely intellectual viewpoint in dealing with the runes, this may not make sense. If you consider the runes being used, Eihwaz (the yew tree, tied to Yggdrasil as it connects the worlds and realms together) it shows the reach of all the types of energy I could work with, and be connected to them. Ethil (the ancestral homeland) it has to do with marking it with my energy, setting it aside from other items, and focusing it into power for me. Iar (the river fish, considered by some to be tied to Jormungand, the world serpent) deals with binding the energy to the items, and securing it to the object. So, really, the runes know quite well how to aid you with your goal, if you just ask them.

Light affirmation

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Deep in the center of my being is an infinite well of light. I now allow this light to rise to the surface. It fills my heart, my body, my mind, my soul, my consciousness, my very being. The light radiates out from me in all directions and returns to me multiplied. The more light I use and give, the more I have to give; the supply is endless.

Notes:
Some visualization and suggestion for further practice, based upon recent information.

Say:
Deep in the center of my being is an infinite well of light

Chant:
AH

Visualize:
Visualize at the center of your torso, a shining brilliant point of light, like a tiny star, shining with a pure clear light. As this light, now perceived, shines, it draws the attention of all the gods and spirits that you have worked with, now work with, and will work within, even your own essential being, which turn and look upon you.

Say:
I now allow this light to rise to the surface of my being. It fills my heart, my body, my mind, my soul, my consciousness, my very being

Say:
AH

Visualize:
See that point of pure, clear light shine brighter and brighter, starting to fill you, and expand. At the same time the gods and spirits points of light, even your very essence, also shine, and their light flows towards you as well, filling you. The combined lights purify and cleanse you of all unwanted and harmful influences

Say:
The light radiates out from in in all directions and returns to me multiplied. The more light I use and give, the more I have to give. The supply is endless.

Chant:
AH

Visualize:
Now together with your gods and spirits, the pure, clear light radiates out from all of you, and shines out into the vastness of space and time, filling it with that light, sharing with it with all beings, even the very essence of being. At the same time, all beings responded back with pure, clear light, even the very essence of being, and all shines with pure clear light.

C is for Conjure

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IMG_0003
Part of my magical education is in conjure/rootwork/hoodoo/witchcraft (a combination of terms that I take from a series with that title compiled of internviews collected by Harry S Hyatt). I can honestly say I originally came to it back in the early 90’s, mostly in the forms of dollar books about magic, like Marie Laveau’s Black and White Magic and other similar texts. It was also about that time that I first discovered Lucky Mojo and their archives of spells and information, things which amazed me and enchanted me, and also pointed out things like working with Psalms and the bible for magic. Being raised in a thoroughly unusual sect of Christianity that is quite mystical in my opinion, the idea was right on, and I full embraced it.
Later on, much later on, I would find Lucky Mojo again, and memories of it’s first discovery came rushing back to me, and I went to friends that I shared the interest in magic with and I told them “I am going to sign up for Catherine Yronwode’s Correspondence Course” and they said “Oh awesome, we just did, how cool we can work on it together” and I said “WHAT??? You knew about this and you didn’t tell me?!?!?!” and the next day I signed up and everything was awesome. And we would talk about what we read, and what were doing, and where to finds baths, and herbs and everything. It really became the new drink I couldn’t put down, and really still haven’t to this day. It really opened my eyes to a much greater world of magic, of folklore, of herbs then other books, and study had done before.

It also opened my eyes to African American people and culture, and it really made me re-evaluate some of my actions and inner behaviors, that are really just taught across the melting pot of culture in the United States. It set the spark to my flame that wants to know things, to understand things, and see how and where people are coming from, because I just really like to know. I have this thing where I value knowledge for it’s own sake and nothing else. With that in mind, I read other books. I sought out folktales of Southern African Americans, and more of their poetry, both older and perhaps famous, but also contemporary. I read academic publications of people who have researched the interesting and unique combination of folk magic practitioners of African Americans. I set foot in botanicas that are scattered about the Greater Los Angeles area, and became familiar with parts of the African diaspora, so I could learn to identify the difference between a conjure man, and member of an Afro-Caribbean religion, and Mexican folk magic practitioner. I went looking for older pamphlets about spiritual work that are still in print today, because they are regularly popular. During it all I sat down, and I burned candles, and worked with oils, and made incenses and powders and baths from minerals and herbs, and I went to crossroads and gathered graveyard dirt with a dime and bottle of whiskey and I learned to listen to spirits and Spirit.

With all that in mind, I then looked to what seemed to be missing from European stuff (being of European descent) and I found bits and pieces. Reading about hexerei and braucherie, and picking up the Long Lost Friend, and I got into grimories from Europe and made myself read a full translation of the Three Books of Occult Philosophy from cover to cover, reading the footnotes, and looking up terms, and noticing patterns and elements that appeared in the USA among folk magic practitioners, and where they got it, well, they seemed to get it from early merchants of the 20th century whose African American and southern customers who wanted secret symbols, magic squares, blessed salt and john the conqueror roots. I noticed that a lot of herbal folklore was living in Conjure. But yet, it was handled in a unique way. I noticed that in contemporary American alternative spirituality the tools of conjure play and important role, a role that was quickly adopted in the 60’s and 70’s with magic oils, incenses, bathes, washes and colognes with names like “Bend Over” and “Kiss me” but with the neo pagans making their own like “Saturn” and “Goddess” because those neo pagans were hungry for magic and sorcery and witchcraft, and the unique, and the curious, and occult. I think this is a hunger that continues today, which is why people are always finding new ways of doing old things, but also the old ways of doing things, and making all their distinctions, and separate groupings, and traditional crafts, and conure this and hoodoo that because they are curious and hungry for magic. For conjure.

C is for Cenaz

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Lewes_Bonfire,_discarded_torch

The rune I like to attribute for the letter C is Cenaz, or just Cen. The symbolism associated with Cenaz is the torch, a piece of wood or metal, that often has some kind of extra fuel source attached to one end, with that fuel source is often some kind of textile that has been soaked in some kind of accelerant or flammable chemical. This allows the torch to be carried around to shed firelight in dark places, either inside buildings that didn’t have windows (and thus no natural light) or in caverns.

As indicated by the symbolism of a torch, this rune is about fire, and light, and things being revealed. In this case though, this is the fire that has been tamed by humanity (unlike qweorth), the light that is wielded by humanity (unlike sowilo), and what is revealed is what is sought by humanity. This colors my interpretation of Cenaz as being the light and fire of humanity, our inspiration, our drive, our passions, that which makes us burn, ignite and shine. While a common symbol for learning, knowledge and education is the lit oil lamp, a symbol that is very Mediterranean, the northern European equivalent would be the torch. You could also extend it to the forge as well, as that is the fire that is harnessed and controlled to create and make things for use by humanity, from basic metal tools to weapons. But that flame is also metaphorical, the flame of passion, the fires of creativity, that spark of an inspiration that sets people on the path to making, making anything from prose to computers.

As I’m writing this, I’m alternating with videos on YouTube, and it occurred to me that these things, music videos, lectures, comedic gags, are that spark of Cenaz at work. Someone had that idea of creating something that would be filmed and made into a video, to express something, or share information that is important to them, or even just to create a laugh, a moment of joyous catharsis. The flame of Cenaz is shining there, revealing something from the creator, but also revealing something to the audience.

My own experience of the spirit of Cenaz was that he was a slim figure, with bright red hair and pale skin, with features like fantasy elves. He was elegant, but crafty and clever and quick with words.

A ritual for Cenaz

what you’ll need
-a red candle
-a candle holder
-any kind of oil that is scented with cinnamon
-a small slip of paper
-red pen

take the slip of paper, and with the red pen, draw the Cenaz rune on it. Then take the red candle, and with a metal implement (pin, needle, nail) carve a Cenaz rune also into it. Anoint the candle with the chosen oil. Some options could be Fast Luck, or Abramelin oil, or a personally made oil that uses cinnamon. Place the candle in the holder, and set the holder on top of the paper. Light the candle, and as it burns chant to your self the name of the rune Cenaz (the C is a hard “k” sound) 9 times. Imagine the flame of the candle beaming it’s light into your eyes and our third eye, and that light sparks a flame inside you. That flame reveals things inside you, revealing your passions, revealing ideas and thoughts for things to do and make, revealing artistic pursuits of all kinds, to forgotten knowledge, events or memories that could be of a benefit to you know. Do this for about 15 minutes. Then snuff the candle with your fingers or a candle snuffer. Repeat this for 7 days in 15 minute increments, until the last day when you should let the candle burn out completely, although before you do so, take the paper form underneath, and burn it in the flame, putting into a fire safe container to burn until it is consumed. Dispose of the ashes by the entrance to your home or building of residence.